Last Name. Share this page. Follow Ballotpedia. Click here to follow election results! The term electoral system can refer to two distinct, yet related, concepts: the method for conducting elections and the method for tallying votes to determine electoral outcomes. Generally speaking, elections can take one of two basic forms: single-winner or multi-winner. In a single-winner election, one candidate alone can be elected to the office in question.
In a multi-winner election, by contrast, multiple candidates can be elected to the same office. Vote-tallying methods for single-winner election systems include, but are not limited to, the following:. Vote-tallying methods for multi-winner election systems include, but are not limited to, the following:.
The states have the authority to determine which electoral systems they will use in contests for state-level offices. The systems used in contests for federal office must adhere to federal constitutional guidelines, as well as applicable state laws. Of the 50 states, all but two award all of their presidential electors to the presidential candidate who wins the popular vote in the state Maine and Nebraska each award two of their electors to the candidate who wins a plurality of the statewide vote; the remaining electors are allocated to the winners of the plurality vote in the states' congressional districts.
Article I, Section 4, of the United States Constitution grants the states the authority to determine the rules by which they elect their United States Senators and Representatives, unless the United States Congress acts to change those rules: [6]. In , the United States Congress passed a law requiring that each state establish single-winner districts and exclusively elect their United States Representatives from those districts.
Consequently, in every state, United States Senators and United States Representatives are elected in single-winner contests. A majority of states determine winners in these contests via plurality vote. In Ohio, winners in congressional contests are determined via plurality vote. All elective state executive officers e. A total of 40 states conduct only single-winner contests for their state legislative elections.
The table below details the electoral systems used in Ohio for state legislative and state executive offices as of July Santorum is facing a high-stakes contest with Romney in Ohio. A Quinnipiac University poll released on Friday showed the former Pennsylvania senator with a slim four percentage point lead over Romney in the state, 35 percent to 31 percent.
Roughly one-third of likely Republican primary voters said they could still change their mind before Tuesday. And as the Republican nominating contest becomes as much a battle for delegates as it is for momentum, Santorum's difficulties in Ohio offer another window into the organizational challenges his campaign has faced throughout the primary season. Santorum is not on the ballot in Virginia, which also holds a primary on Super Tuesday and where each candidate was required to submit 10, signatures, including from each of the state's 11 congressional districts.
The eligibility requirements in Ohio were comparatively easier, but at the time Santorum's rivals were putting together their delegate slates in December, Santorum was crisscrossing Iowa in a pickup truck ahead of the caucuses, which he ended up winning by a hair.
The deadline for submitting the slates in Ohio was the last week of December. There are a total of 63 delegates up for grabs in Ohio on Tuesday, 48 of them are awarded proportionally based on who wins the popular vote in each Congressional district - three per district - and 15 will be awarded to the candidate who wins a majority of votes in the state. However, if no candidate surpasses 50 percent of the vote, the "at-large" delegates are awarded proportionally to each candidate who received more than 20 percent of the statewide vote.
Three additional party leaders will act as unbound delegates at the Republican National Convention, but they will not be awarded on Tuesday.
Every State is allocated a number of votes equal to the number of senators and representatives in its U. Congressional delegation—two votes for its senators in the U.
Senate plus a number of votes equal to the number of its Congressional districts. Under the 23rd Amendment of the Constitution, the District of Columbia is allocated three electors and treated like a State for purposes of the Electoral College. Each State which includes the District of Columbia for this discussion decides how to appoint its electors.
0コメント