In hypertensive patients the blood pressure lowering effect of beta-blockers may be partly abolished by tobacco smoking whereas alpha-receptor blockers seem to maintain the antihypertensive efficacy in smokers. It is a paradox that while smoking acutely increases blood pressure, a slightly lower blood pressure level has been found among smokers than nonsmokers in larger epidemiological studies. If you drink alcohol, do not have more than one or two drinks a day.
One drink is one can of beer, one glass of wine, or one jigger of hard liquor. If your blood pressure goes up when you drink alcohol, it is best not to drink it. Stress may make your blood pressure go up. To fight the effects of stress, try relaxation or biofeedback techniques.
These things work best when you do them at least once every day. Ask your doctor for help with stress. Many different kinds of medicine can be used to treat high blood pressure see the box below. These are called antihypertensive medicines. The goal is to get your blood pressure to a normal level with medicine that is easy to take and has few, if any, side effects.
Some people have to take this medicine for the rest of their lives. These medicines help your body get rid of extra salt and water so that your blood vessels do not have to hold so much fluid. Beta blockers. These medicines block the effects of a hormone in your body called adrenaline. ACE inhibitors. These medicines keep your blood vessels from getting narrow. Calcium channel blockers.
These medicines keep your blood vessels from getting narrow by keeping too much calcium from going into your cells. These medicines combine at least two of the above medicines for treating your high blood pressure. Some examples include an ACE inhibitor with a calcium channel blocker, an ACE inhibitor with a diuretic, or a beta blocker with a diuretic. Medicines affect everyone differently. Not everyone will have the same side effects from a certain medicine. Antihypertensive medicines might make you feel dizzy when you stand up.
They also might lower the levels of potassium in your blood. You may have trouble sleeping or feel tired during the day. You might have a cough, dry mouth, and headaches. You may feel bloated, constipated, or depressed.
Some antihypertensive medicines can cause men to have erection problems. Talk with your doctor about any side effects you notice. If one medicine does not work for you or if it causes side effects, you can try another medicine. See our editorial policies and staff. High Blood Pressure. Understanding Blood Pressure Readings. Am J Cardiol ; 52 : — J Am Coll Cardiol ; 29 : — N Engl J Med ; : — Clin Pharmacol Ther ; 68 : — Circulation ; 94 : — Berglund G , Wilhelmsen L : Factors related to blood pressure in a general population sample of Swedish men.
Acta Med Scand ; : — BMJ ; : 89 — Minami J , Ishimitsu T , Matsuoka H : Effects of smoking cessation on blood pressure and heart rate variability in habitual smokers. Hypertension ; 33 : — Am J Hypertens ; 10 : — J Am Med Assn ; : — Bolinder G , de Faire U : Ambulatory h blood pressure monitoring in healthy, middle-aged smokeless tobacco users, smokers, and nontobacco users. Am J Hypertens ; 11 : — J Hypertens ; 13 : — Am J Hypertens ; 14 : — J Pharmacol Exp Ther ; : — Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford.
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