Today, our graduates identify with — and can be distinguished by — these distinctive academic, professional and cultural characteristics. In , the Prime Minister of Australia, the Hon. Malcomn Turnbull, unveiled a full-sized replica of the statue here at Flinders University's Tonsley precinct. Flinders University uses cookies to ensure website functionality, personalisation, and for a variety of purposes described in the website privacy statement.
For details about these cookies and how to set your cookie preferences, refer to our website privacy statement. You consent to the use of our cookies if you proceed. In the 16th century, most maps were published in Latin and cartographers were just starting to record European discoveries such as America.
Many of these maps contained divisions at different latitudes called climata that were defined by the length of the longest daylight. Typically there were seven such divisions on classical maps, often denoted by Roman numerals I to VII indicating latitudes from 13 to 16 hours of daylight in the northern hemisphere. During the course of the 16th century, cartographers extended their maps to cover the southern hemisphere including the Waldseemuller world map from that includes both South America and all of Africa.
There seems to have been no accepted conventions about what labels to apply to climata. Gerard Mercator , perhaps the most famous cartographer of all time, worked on what is known as a double cordiform map in representing the world on two sheets which both use heart shaped projections early in his career, before he developed his own projection.
This Mercator map delineated climata in both the northern and southern hemispheres. On this map Mercator appears to apply the term australia to all the climata in the southern hemisphere. When it is used to describe climata it takes the inflection -ia australia rather than —is australis because in Latin the endings of adjectives agree with the nouns they describe thus australia agrees with the neuter plural ending of climata.
He created his own cordiform wall map in , no copies of which survive, but what is believed to be a reduced version is contained in his revised version of Cosmographia from Figure A and B. This book also includes an explanation of climata in a separate figure in the text Figure C : both the map and the figure use the term Australia to denote southern latitudes.
The word appears in a rare book on astronomy by Cyriaco Jacob zum Barth published in Frankfurt-am-Main in that was also on display in the Mapping Our World exhibition. All of the maps mentioned in this article are widely available for study on the internet and have been reproduced numerous times in books. What is rather surprising is that the use of Australia on several maps dating back to the 16th century has to date gone unrecognised.
Maybe this is due to the fact that collectors of Australian maps have less interest in this period, as it is one which predates maps that document the European exploration of Australia. Clearly we will need to add a few more names to the cartographic history of Australia.
The authors do not work for, consult to, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article. They also have no relevant affiliations. This article was originally published on The Conversation.
Read the original article. Please feel free to use the story in any form of media. The story sources are linked in with the copy and all contacts are willing to talk further about the story. Putting Australia on the map Matthew Flinders, who died just over years ago, is widely credited with giving this country its name: Australia.
The south end of the map In the 16th century, most maps were published in Latin and cartographers were just starting to record European discoveries such as America. Climata is a Greek term which was adopted into Latin.
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